Roles of Career Maturity Mediating the Effects of Internal Locus of Control and Socioeconomic Status on Career Readiness of Vocational High School Students
Abstract
The goals of this study are to demonstrate and examine how socioeconomic status and internal locus of control affect Career Readiness through the mediation of career maturity. This study uses primary data and quantitative methods. Students in the XII grade at SMK Negeri 45 West Jakarta made up the study's population, and 163 research samples were collected using the Slovin formula. Proportionate stratified random sampling was the method used for the sampling. Path analysis using SmartPLS version 4.1.0.9 was the data analysis technique employed in this study. This study makes reference to Hair et al. The findings showed that internal locus of control has a positive and significant effects on career maturity and career readiness, socioeconomic status has a negative effect on career maturity and career readiness, career maturity has a positive and significant effects on career readiness, career maturity is able to mediate the effect of internal locus of control on work readiness, but career maturity is not capable to mediate the effect of socioeconomic status on work readiness.
References
Abdinoor, N. M. (2020). Socio-Economic Status, Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy, Career Maturity and Gender with Secondary School Students in Northern Kenya Noor Mohamed Abdinoor. 2(4), 160–167.
Abdulsyani. (2012). Sosiologi Skematik, Teori dan Terapan. Bumi Aksara.
Al-ghifari, U. (2024). Urgency of Digital Literacy to Improving Work Readiness in the Industrial Revolution 4.0. 8(148), 307–326. https://doi.org/10.26740/jsm.v8n1.p307-326
Annisa, D. N., Tentama, F., & Bashori, K. (2021). The Role of Family Support and Internal Locus of Control in Entrepreneurial Intention of Vocational High School Students. 10(2). https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v10i2.20934
Blustein, D. L. (2011). A Relational Theory of Working. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 79(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2010.10.004
Blustein, D. L., Chaves, A. P., Diemer, M. A., Gallagher, L. A., Marshall, K. G., Sirin, S., & Bhati, K. S. (2002). Voices of The Forgotten Half: The Role of Social Class in The School-to-Work Transition. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 49(3), 311.
Caballero, C. L., Walker, A., & Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, M. (2011). The Work Readiness Scale (WRS): Developing a Measure to Assess Work Readiness in College Graduates. Journal of Teaching and Learning for Graduate Employability, 2(1), 41–54.
Cholik, M., Rijanto, T., Arsana, I. M., & Nur, D. (2022). Locus of Control to Improve Student Work Readiness. 05(02), 203–211.
Crites, J. O. (1973). Career Maturity Inventory. McGraw-Hill New York.
Duru, H. (2022). Analysis of Relationships between High School Students ’ Career Maturity, Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy, and Career Decision-Making Difficulties. International Journal of Psychology and Educational Studies, 9(1), 63–78.
Febriani, M., Putri, B. N. D., & Usman, C. I. (2023). Hubungan Tingkat Ekonomi Orang Tua dengan Pemilihan Arah Karir Peserta Didik di SMA Negeri 1 Sitiung. 05(04), 10871–10880.
Ghofur, M. A., Soejoto, A., & Pamungkas, H. P. (2020). Analysis of Socioeconomic Status, Gender, and Academic Achievements Influence on Student. 17(2001), 219–230.
Goriss-hunter, A. (2021). An Exploratory Study on the Employers ’ Perceptions of ICT Graduate work-readiness. December 2023.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2014). Multivariate data analysis: Pearson new international edition. Essex: Pearson Education Limited, 1(2).
Han, J., Chu, X., Song, H., & Li, Y. (2014). Career Maturity and Job Satisfaction: The roles of Job Crafting and Openness. Current Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-024-06626-w
Hermawan, A., Mufiedah, M., Madina, V., Santika, Z. M., Kasim, M. F., & Siagian, T. H. (2023). Kesenjangan Kondisi Pengangguran Lulusan SMK / MAK di Indonesia : Analisis Antargender dan Variabel-Variabel yang Memengaruhinya. 18(3). https://doi.org/10.47198/naker.v18i3.246
Hidayat, H., Ardi, Z., Herawati, S., & Amrina, Z. (2019). The Contribution of Internal Locus of Control and Self-Concept to Career Maturity in Vocational Higher Education. The First International Conference on Education, Science and Training: Empowering Educational Human Resources for Global Competitiveness, 2019, 234–248. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v3i15.4370
Hidayat, H., Yendra, B., Herawati, S., Ardi, Z., & Paramita, A. (2020). The Contribution of Internal Locus of Control and Self-Concept to Career Maturity in Engineering Education. International Journal on Advanced Science Engineering Information Technology, 10(6), 2282–2289.
Iskandar, & Anggraeni, D. (2022). Pengaruh Internal Locus of Control, Konsep Diri, dan Dukungan Keluarga terhadap Kematangan Karier. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Dan Ekonomi, 19(01), 113–117. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.25134/equi.v19i01.4956
Kassahun, G., Birhanie, D., & Getachew, A. (2022). International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding The Relationship Between Socio-Economic Factors and Career Decision Making Among Secondary School Students in Addis Ababa , Ethiopia. 231–244.
Kelly, M. E. (2009). Social Cognitive Career Theory as Applied to The School-to-Work Transition. Seton Hall University.
Kris, M., Hidayatulloh, Y., & Surabaya, U. N. (2024). The Influence of Locus of Control and Internship Experience on the Work Readiness of Vocational Education Students. International Journal of Education, Vocational and Social Science, 03(02), 184–195.
Kusumaningsih, A., & Purwana, D. (2023). The Influence Of Locus Of Control And Industry Work Practice To Work Readiness. Journal Of Management, Accounting, General Finance And International Economic Issues, 2(3), 618–627.
Lawson, G. M., Duda, J. T., Avants, B. B., Wu, J., & Farah, M. J. (2013). Associations Between Children’s Socioeconomic Status and Prefrontal Cortical Thickness. Developmental Science, 16(5), 641–652. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/desc.12096
Lefcourt, H. M. (Ed. ). (1982). Locus of Control: Current Trends in Theory & Research (2nd ed.). Psychology Press. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315798813
Lim, C., & Thanoon, O. (2013). 2 Social and Ethnic Determinants of Obesity. Obesity. A Ticking Time Bomb for Reproductive Health, 13–22.
Mar’atus Sholikah, M. (2021). Roles of Career Maturity Mediating The Effects of Locus Of Control and Socioeconomic Status on Career Readiness. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE), 10(3). https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v10i3.21127
Ni, J., Zhang, J., Wang, Y., Li, D., & Chen, C. (2023). Relationship Between Career Maturity, Psychological Separation, and Occupational Self-Efficacy of Postgraduates : Moderating Effect of Registered Residence Type. BMC Psychology, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-023-01261-9
Nikolaev, A., Artemiev, I., Parfenov, E., & Radnaeva, L. (2020). New Didactic Approaches in Conditions of Inclusive Education. Proceedings of the Conference “Integrating Engineering Education and Humanities for Global Intercultural Perspectives,” 288–295.
Osborn, D. (2023). Career Decision-Making Readiness Among Students ’ in The System of Higher Education : Career Course Intervention. August, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2023.1097993
Peersia, K., Rappa, N. A., Perry, L. B., Rappa, N. A., & Perry, L. B. (2024). Work Readiness : Definitions and Conceptualisations. Higher Education Research & Development, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2024.2366322
Puspa, A. H. (2024). The Effect of Psychological Well-Being on Career Adaptability Mediated Emotional Intelligence in Yogyakarta PGSD Students. REVIEW OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY EDUCATION, CULTURE AND PEDAGOGY, 3(4), 276–295. https://doi.org/10.55047/romeo.v3i4.1403
Reynolds, J., & Cruise, S. (2020). Factors That Influence Persistence Among Undergraduate Students : An Analysis of the Impact of Socioeconomic Status and First ‑ Generation Students. Interchange, 0123456789. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10780-020-09408-y
Robbins, S. P. (2008). Perilaku Organisasi (Alih Bahasa Drs. Benjamin Molan), Edisi Bahasa Indonesia. Intan Sejati.
Rotter, J. B. (1990). Internal Versus External Control of Reinforcement: A Case History of A Variable. American Psychologist, 45(4), 489.
Savickas, M. L. (2002). Career Construction: A Developmental Theory of Vocational Behavior. Career Choice and Development/Jossey-Bass.
Savitri, D. (2024). Tingkat Pengangguran Indonesia Tertinggi di ASEAN pada 2024. DetikNews.Com.
Sawitri, D. R. (2020). The Role of Socioeconomic Status in the Relationship Between Career Aspirations and Engagement in Career Exploration. International Conference on Educational Psychology and Pedagogy (ICEPP 2019), 399(Icepp 2019), 260–263.
Schoon, I., & Polek, E. (2011). Teenage Career Aspirations and Adult Career Attainment: The Role of Gender, Social Background and General Cognitive Ability. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 35(3), 210–217.
Sholikah, M. (2021). Roles of Career Maturity Mediating The Effects of Locus Of Control and Socioeconomic Status on Career Readiness. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE), 10(3), 781–789. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v10i3.21127
Sholikah, M., Muhyadi, M., Indartono, S., Kenzhaliyev, O. B., & Kassymova, G. K. (2021). Self-Efficacy and Student Achievement for Enhancing Career Readiness: The mediation of Career Maturity. Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi Dan Kejuruan, 27(1), 15–25.
Siddique, S., Ahsan, A., & Azizi, N. (2022). Students ’ Workplace Readiness : Assessment and Skill-Building for Graduate Employability. 1–15.
Simmers, C. A., & Mcmurray, A. J. (2022). Navigating Work Career through Locus of Control and Job Satisfaction : The Mediation Role of Work Values Ethic. Merits, 258–269.
Super, D. E. (1980). A life-span, life-space approach to career development. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 16(3), 282–298.
Super, D. E., Thompson, A. S., Lindeman, R. H., Jordaan, J. P., & Myers, R. A. (1981). Career Development Inventory (College and University Form). Palo Alto.
Suprasto, H. B., Mediatrix, M., & Sari, R. (2020). Influence of Competence and Locus of Control on Readiness of Accounting Department Students Facing the World of Work Era. International Research Journal of Management, IT & Social Sciences, 7(4), 14–23.
Syazila, N., Rahim, A., Marzuki, W., Jaafar, W., & Arsad, N. M. (2021). Career Maturity and Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy as Predictors of Career Adaptability Among Students in Foundation. Asian Journal of University Education (AJUE).
To, T., & Pham, L. (2024). Work Readiness of Graduates in the Gigital Age : A Literature Review. March. https://doi.org/10.46223/HCMCOUJS.soci.en.14.2.2820.2024
Turan, M. E. (2021). The Relationship Between Locus of Control and Hope in Adolescents : The Mediating Role of Career and Talent Development. https://doi.org/10.1177/10384162211008888
Walker, A., & Campbell, K. (2013). Nurse Education Today Work Readiness of Graduate Nurses and The Impact on Job Satisfaction, Work Engagement and Intention to Remain. YNEDT, 6–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2013.05.008
Walpole, M. (2003). Socioeconomic Status and College: How SES Effects College Experiences and Outcomes. The Review of Higher Education, 27(1), 45–73.
Zhou, W., Guan, Y., Xin, L., Chi, M., Mak, K., & Deng, Y. (2016). Career Success Criteria and Locus of Control as Indicators of Adaptive Readiness in The Career Adaptation Model. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 94, 124–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2016.02.015
Copyright (c) 2025 Khoiru Indah Paraswati, Marsofiyati Marsofiyati, Suherdi Suherdi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
1.png)
.png)
.png)
.png)
.jpg)
